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The Open University

Introduction to adolescent mental health

The Open University via OpenLearn

Overview

Research indicates that throughout the world, young people’s mental health and wellbeing is at risk. Indeed, media headlines warn of a global mental health crisis. In 2020, the Children’s Society reported that one in six children aged between 5 and 16 years of age globally suffer from a mental health problem. 50% of all mental health problems begin by the age of 14 and 75% of young people with a mental health problem are not receiving the help and support they need. Recognising that a young person is struggling with their mental health may not be easy to identify. Many young people may attempt to hide how they are feeling. This can be for a multitude of reasons including concern about stigma or feelings of guilt and shame associated with mental illness. However, it may also be because they aren’t sure where or how to get the help they need. There are differences of opinion about what constitutes mental ill health and how mental health problems should be treated. There are some key differences in the approaches that can be taken in providing support for young people, for example at times it can include the use of medication, counselling and talking therapies. However, research indicates that providing early support can significantly enhance mental health. Recent studies also suggest that resilience – which describes the capacity to endure and bounce back from adversity – is a quality and skill that can be developed and supported in young people, and that it can positively impact their longer-term mental health and wellbeing. This course has been designed with this new research evidence in mind. It aims to provide you with the tools to explore these different approaches which will help you reflect on the different ways that you can identify a young person who is struggling and consider how they can access support.TranscriptEnrolling on the course will give you the opportunity to earn an Open University digital badge. Badges are not accredited by The Open University but they're a great way to demonstrate your interest in the subject and commitment to your career, and to provide evidence of continuing professional development.Once you are signed in, you can manage your digital badges online from My OpenLearn. In addition, you can download and print your OpenLearn statement of participation – which also displays your Open University badge.The Open University would really appreciate a few minutes of your time to tell us about yourself and your expectations for the course before you begin, in our optional start-of-course survey. Once you complete the course we would also value your feedback and suggestions for future improvement, in our optional end-of-course survey. Participation will be completely confidential and we will not pass on your details to others.This course is accredited by the CPD Standards Office. It can be used to provide evidence of continuing professional development and on successful completion of the course you will be awarded 24 CPD points. Evidence of your CPD achievement is provided on the free Statement of Participation awarded on completion.Anyone wishing to provide evidence of their enrolment on this course is able to do so by sharing their Activity Record on their OpenLearn Profile, which is available before completion of the course and earning of the Statement of Participation.

Syllabus

  • Introduction and guidance
  • Introduction and guidance
  • What is a badged course?
  • How to get a badge
  • Acknowledgements
  • Session1Session 1: ‘A crisis in context’
  • Introduction
  • Learning outcomes
  • 1 Adolescent mental health in context
  • 1.1 The trends
  • 1.2 Trends by age group and sex
  • 2 What do we mean by ‘health’ and ‘mental health’?
  • 2.1 The impact of mental health
  • 3 How has the concept of mental health evolved?
  • 3.1 Identity, language and stigma
  • 3.2 #oktosay
  • 4 Mental health policy
  • 5 This session’s quiz
  • 6 Summary of Session 1
  • Glossary
  • References
  • Acknowledgements
  • Session2Session 2: Understanding adolescence
  • Introduction
  • Learning outcomes
  • 1 Introducing adolescence
  • 1.1 A time of rapid change
  • 1.2 Body changes
  • 1.3 Social changes
  • 1.4 Adolescence and emotion
  • 1.5 Challenges of adolescence
  • 2 The adolescent brain
  • 2.1 Peer pressure and risk taking
  • 3 The social world of adolescence
  • 3.1 Bullying
  • 3.2 Loneliness
  • 4 What’s ‘normal’ and ‘abnormal’?
  • 4.1 Recognising a problem
  • 5 This session’s quiz
  • 6 Summary of Session 2
  • Glossary
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Acknowledgements
  • Session3Session 3: Different dimensions of adolescent mental health
  • Introduction
  • Learning outcomes
  • 1 When does mental health become ill-health?
  • 2 Anxiety
  • 3 Depression
  • 4 Eating disorders
  • 4.1 Early intervention
  • 5 Self harm
  • 5.1 Breaking the self-harm cycle
  • 6 Suicide
  • 7 This session’s quiz
  • 8 Summary of Session 3
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Acknowledgements
  • Session4Session 4: Recognising mental health problems
  • Introduction
  • Learning outcomes
  • 1 Diagnosis and sense-making
  • 1.1 The case of George
  • 1.2 Determinants of health
  • 2 Professional approaches
  • 2.1 Comparing medical approaches
  • 2.2 Potential sources of conflict
  • 3 The role of social media
  • 3.1 Young people and social media
  • 3.2 Images of perfection?
  • 4 Common misconceptions about adolescent mental health
  • 5 This session’s quiz
  • 6 Summary of Session 4
  • Glossary
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Acknowledgements
  • Session5Session 5: Understanding resilience in adolescence
  • Introduction
  • Learning outcomes
  • 1 Why is resilience important?
  • 1.1 Defining resilience
  • 2 Adversity
  • 2.1 Disruptive behaviour in adversity
  • 3 Born or made resilient?
  • 3.1 The brain, neuroplasticity and resilience
  • 3.2 Fostering resilience
  • 4 Resilience in schools
  • 5 This session’s quiz
  • 6 Summary of Session 5
  • Glossary
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Acknowledgements
  • Session6Session 6: Supporting young people
  • Introduction
  • Learning outcomes
  • 1 Parenting and supporting
  • 2 Talking and listening
  • 2.1 Active listening
  • 2.2 Question types
  • 2.3 Conversation starters
  • 3 Food, exercise and sleep
  • 3.1 Food and mental health
  • 3.2 Exercise and mental health
  • 3.3 Sleep and mental health
  • 4 This session’s quiz
  • 5 Summary of Session 6
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Acknowledgements
  • Session7Session 7: Identifying sources of support
  • Introduction
  • Learning outcomes
  • 1 Family, friends and other adults
  • 1.1 Fostering supportive networks
  • 1.2 Managing barriers
  • 1.3 Managing responses to mental health disclosures
  • 2 Social media
  • 2.1 Taking control
  • 2.2 Understanding the impact of social media on a young person’s identity
  • 3 Charities
  • 3.1 Helplines
  • 3.2 Online forums
  • 3.3 Mental health apps
  • 4 This session’s quiz
  • 5 Summary of Session 7
  • References
  • Further reading
  • Acknowledgements
  • Session8Session 8: Seeking expert support and accessing services
  • Introduction
  • Learning outcomes
  • 1 Responding to concerning behaviours
  • 1.1 Mental health at school
  • 1.2 Self-harm
  • 2 Talking therapies
  • 2.1 Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
  • 2.2 The importance of professional help
  • 3 Medical interventions
  • 3.1 Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
  • 4 Making referrals
  • 5 Seeking guidance
  • 6 This session’s quiz
  • 7 Review the journey
  • Where next?
  • Tell us what you think
  • References
  • Acknowledgements

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