Excretory System: Kidney - Part 1

This lecture explores the excretory system with a focus on kidney structure and function. Learn about renal functions, detailed kidney anatomy, nephron segments, and the filtration membrane. Discover how the kidneys manage metabolic waste, regulate ions, maintain pH balance, and control sodium levels. Examine important anatomical components including the renal cortex, renal pelvis, peritubular capillary network, Henle's loop, filtration slits, and podocytes. Understand osmolality gradients and blood pressure variations across the renal system, as well as the selective filtration properties of the basement membrane and the kidney's role in gluconeogenesis.